2023-09-12
Nomisma.org is a collaborative project to provide stable digital representations of numismatic concepts according to the principles of Linked Open Data. These take the form of http URIs that also provide access to reusable information about those concepts, along with links to other resources.
Nomisma.org is a collaborative project to provide stable digital representations of numismatic concepts according to the principles of Linked Open Data. These take the form of http URIs that also provide access to reusable information about those concepts, along with links to other resources.
Describes the appearance of a numismatic object. Eg. Iconography, legends and physical characteristics.
hasAppearance
Describes the appearance of a numismatic object. Eg. Iconography, legends and physical characteristics.
Identifies whether a numismatic object was produced by an authority that had the relevant rights to do so, or is a contemporary or modern imitation.
hasAuthenticity
Identifies whether a numismatic object was produced by an authority that had the relevant rights to do so, or is a contemporary or modern imitation.
Identifies the authority in whose name (explicitly or implicitly) a numismatic object was issued. Eg. Charlemagne, Augustus, Sparta, Federal Republic of Germany, Bank of England
hasAuthority
Identifies the authority in whose name (explicitly or implicitly) a numismatic object was issued. Eg. Charlemagne, Augustus, Sparta, Federal Republic of Germany, Bank of England
Describes the directional relationship between the obverse and reverse of a numismatic object.
hasAxis
Describes the directional relationship between the obverse and reverse of a numismatic object.
Describes a date that appears on an object
hasBearsDate
Describes a date that appears on an object
The date of the latest object (could be non-numismatic) of a given context, e.g. a hoard or layer.
hasClosingDate
The date of the latest object (could be non-numismatic) of a given context, e.g. a hoard or layer.
Identifies the modern collection or repository in which a numismatic object resides or has resided in the past.
hasCollection
Identifies the modern collection or repository in which a numismatic object resides or has resided in the past.
A contemporary name is a term for a particular group of numismatic objects or concept(s) that was used for them at the time of their use. This may, for example, include one or more denominations, numismatic objects of a particular origin or some other common characteristic. Examples: Poloi, Tournois, Spagürli, Etschkreuzer, F-Schilling, Popolino.
hasContemporaryName
A contemporary name is a term for a particular group of numismatic objects or concept(s) that was used for them at the time of their use. This may, for example, include one or more denominations, numismatic objects of a particular origin or some other common characteristic. Examples: Poloi, Tournois, Spagürli, Etschkreuzer, F-Schilling, Popolino.
Describes the context of a numismatic object.
hasContext
Describes the context of a numismatic object.
Identifies a letter, symbol, monogram or an inscription on a numismatic object intended to distinguish it as part of a group of numismatic objects within an issue or series.
hasControlmark
Identifies a letter, symbol, monogram or an inscription on a numismatic object intended to distinguish it as part of a group of numismatic objects within an issue or series.
Describes degradation due to chemical reaction with an environment, commonly in terms prescribed by "Abnutzung und Korrosion: Bestimmmungstafeln zur Bearbeitung von Fundmünzen = Usure et corrosion. (1995). Lausanne." (OCLC 174260520)
hasCorrosion
Describes degradation due to chemical reaction with an environment, commonly in terms prescribed by "Abnutzung und Korrosion: Bestimmmungstafeln zur Bearbeitung von Fundmünzen = Usure et corrosion. (1995). Lausanne." (OCLC 174260520)
Identifies a mark or symbol punched into a coin or similar object at some point during its time in circulation.
hasCountermark
Identifies a mark or symbol punched into a coin or similar object at some point during its time in circulation.
Describes date (range) assigned in a numismatic context.
hasDate
Describes date (range) assigned in a numismatic context.
Describes the monetary value assigned to an object within a denominational system. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.
hasDenomination
Describes the monetary value assigned to an object within a denominational system. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.
Describes the depth of an object.
hasDepth
Describes the depth of an object.
Describes diameter of an object.
hasDiameter
Describes diameter of an object.
Describes the die from which a numismatic object has been produced.
hasDie
Describes the die from which a numismatic object has been produced.
Describes characteristics of the edge of a numismatic object.
hasEdge
Describes characteristics of the edge of a numismatic object.
Identifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.
hasEndDate
Identifies the final date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.
Identifies a particular face of a numismatic object. Where possible and appropriate, the more specific properties hasObverse or hasReverse are preferred.
hasFace
Identifies a particular face of a numismatic object. Where possible and appropriate, the more specific properties hasObverse or hasReverse are preferred.
hasFindType
deprecated - please use nmo:hasContext instead, together with the class Context or its sub classes: Find, DepositionType and DiscoveryType
Describes the nature of and archaeological or other find. E.g. hoard, ritual deposit, single find, find in survey.
Describes the location of the discovery of an object, whether by accident or in archaeological excavation.
hasFindspot
Describes the location of the discovery of an object, whether by accident or in archaeological excavation.
Describes the height of a numismatic object.
hasHeight
Describes the height of a numismatic object.
Describes an iconography placed on a numismatic object.
hasIconography
Describes an iconography placed on a numismatic object.
Identifies the person administratively responsible for the issue of a numismatic object, generally named in some capacity on the object.
hasIssuer
Identifies the person administratively responsible for the issue of a numismatic object, generally named in some capacity on the object.
Describes the inscription or printing placed on a numismatic object as part of the production process.
hasLegend
Describes the inscription or printing placed on a numismatic object as part of the production process.
Describes the method of manufacture of a numismatic object. Eg. struck, cast, printed
hasManufacture
Describes the method of manufacture of a numismatic object. Eg. struck, cast, printed
Describes the physical material from which a numismatic object is made.
hasMaterial
Describes the physical material from which a numismatic object is made.
Describes the maximum depth of a numismatic object.
hasMaxDepth
Describes the maximum depth of a numismatic object.
Describes the maximum diameter of a numismatic object.
hasMaxDiameter
Describes the maximum diameter of a numismatic object.
Describes the maximum height of a numismatic object.
hasMaxHeight
Describes the maximum height of a numismatic object.
Describes the maximum width of a numismatic object.
hasMaxWidth
Describes the maximum width of a numismatic object.
Describes the minimum depth of a numismatic object.
hasMinDepth
Describes the minimum depth of a numismatic object.
Describes the minimum diameter of a numismatic object.
hasMinDiameter
Describes the minimum diameter of a numismatic object.
Describes the minimum height of a numismatic object.
hasMinHeight
Describes the minimum height of a numismatic object.
Describes the minimum width of a numismatic object.
hasMinWidth
Describes the minimum width of a numismatic object.
Identifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.
hasMint
Identifies the place of manufacture or issue of a numismatic object.
Identifies the letter, symbol or an inscription on a numismatic object indicating the mint where it was produced.
hasMintmark
Identifies the letter, symbol or an inscription on a numismatic object indicating the mint where it was produced.
The date of the latest numismatic object of a given context, e.g. a hoard or layer.
hasNumismaticClosingDate
The date of the latest numismatic object of a given context, e.g. a hoard or layer.
Identifies the type of numismatic object. E.g. Coin, token, banknote.
hasObjectType
Identifies the type of numismatic object. E.g. Coin, token, banknote.
Identifies a particular face of a numismatic object. Normally it will be the face carrying the represenation, badge or inscription of the issuing authority. In ancient, hand-struck coinage it is generally the lower (anvil) die. In English often known as "heads".
hasObverse
Identifies a particular face of a numismatic object. Normally it will be the face carrying the represenation, badge or inscription of the issuing authority. In ancient, hand-struck coinage it is generally the lower (anvil) die. In English often known as "heads".
Describes a notable, characteristic or unusual physical feature of an individual numismatic object marks it out from other examples of the same group, or of a group of numismatic objects that marks it out from other groups. It can be the result of production, such as plating, or post-production activity, such as piercing, cutting or mounting.
hasPeculiarity
Describes a notable, characteristic or unusual physical feature of an individual numismatic object marks it out from other examples of the same group, or of a group of numismatic objects that marks it out from other groups. It can be the result of production, such as plating, or post-production activity, such as piercing, cutting or mounting.
Describes a notable, characteristic or unusual physical feature of an individual numismatic object which distinguishes it from other examples of the same group, or of a group of numismatic objects that marks it out from other groups, and which is related to the process of production of a numismatic object.
hasPeculiarityOfProduction
Describes a notable, characteristic or unusual physical feature of an individual numismatic object which distinguishes it from other examples of the same group, or of a group of numismatic objects that marks it out from other groups, and which is related to the process of production of a numismatic object.
hasPortrait
Identifies the person whose portrait appears on a numismatic object.
Describes the date (range) of the production of a numismatic object.
hasProductionDate
Describes the date (range) of the production of a numismatic object.
Objects used within the production process.
hasProductionObject
Objects used within the production process.
Specifies a published work of reference relevant to a numismatic object.
hasReferenceWork
Specifies a published work of reference relevant to a numismatic object.
Identifies a the face of a numismatic object opposed to the obverse. In ancient, hand-struck coinage it is generally the upper die. In English often known as "tails".
hasReverse
Identifies a the face of a numismatic object opposed to the obverse. In ancient, hand-struck coinage it is generally the upper die. In English often known as "tails".
A scholarly name is a term for a particular group of numismatic objects or concept(s) that was established after the time of their use, as part of scholarly jargon. Examples: Croeseid, Schneckentaler, Falkendukat, Antoninianus.
hasScholarlyName
A scholarly name is a term for a particular group of numismatic objects or concept(s) that was established after the time of their use, as part of scholarly jargon. Examples: Croeseid, Schneckentaler, Falkendukat, Antoninianus.
Describes anomalies or unusual features which arise subsequent to the actual production of a numismatic object; for example halving, chop-marking, etc.
hasSecondaryTreatment
Describes anomalies or unusual features which arise subsequent to the actual production of a numismatic object; for example halving, chop-marking, etc.
Describes the shape of a numismatic object.
hasShape
Describes the shape of a numismatic object.
Identifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.
hasStartDate
Identifies the initial date in a range assigned in a numismatic context.
The authority as stated on a numismatic object. This may, but need not, be the same as the real authority behind the object (expressed separately as hasAuthority).
hasStatedAuthority
The authority as stated on a numismatic object. This may, but need not, be the same as the real authority behind the object (expressed separately as hasAuthority).
Identifies the position of a numismatic object within a published or recognized reference list of types, such as a catalogue or corpus.
hasTypeSeriesItem
Identifies the position of a numismatic object within a published or recognized reference list of types, such as a catalogue or corpus.
Describes wear visible on a numismatic object due to use or circulation, commonly in terms prescribed by "Abnutzung und Korrosion: Bestimmmungstafeln zur Bearbeitung von Fundmünzen = Usure et corrosion. (1995). Lausanne." (OCLC 174260520)
hasWear
Describes wear visible on a numismatic object due to use or circulation, commonly in terms prescribed by "Abnutzung und Korrosion: Bestimmmungstafeln zur Bearbeitung von Fundmünzen = Usure et corrosion. (1995). Lausanne." (OCLC 174260520)
Describes the actual weight of a numismatic object.
hasWeight
Describes the actual weight of a numismatic object.
Describes the conventional weight system according to which a numismatic object of intrinsic value was produced.
hasWeightStandard
Describes the conventional weight system according to which a numismatic object of intrinsic value was produced.
Describes the width of a numismatic object.
hasWidth
Describes the width of a numismatic object.
Based on the Harris Matrix system for units of archaeological stratification. The subject unit is above the object unit in the relative sequence of the units of stratification through time (see: Principles of archaeological stratigraphy by Edward Harris).
isAbove
Based on the Harris Matrix system for units of archaeological stratification. The subject unit is above the object unit in the relative sequence of the units of stratification through time (see: Principles of archaeological stratigraphy by Edward Harris).
Based on the Harris Matrix system for units of archaeological stratification. The subject unit is below the object in the relative sequence of the units of stratification through time (see: Principles of archaeological stratigraphy by Edward Harris).
isBelow
Based on the Harris Matrix system for units of archaeological stratification. The subject unit is below the object in the relative sequence of the units of stratification through time (see: Principles of archaeological stratigraphy by Edward Harris).
Based on the Harris Matrix system for units of archaeological stratification. The units are correlated (equated by the = sign) as separate parts (given different numbers in the field) of a once whole deposit or feature interface (see: Principles of archaeological stratigraphy by Edward Harris).
isEqual
Based on the Harris Matrix system for units of archaeological stratification. The units are correlated (equated by the = sign) as separate parts (given different numbers in the field) of a once whole deposit or feature interface (see: Principles of archaeological stratigraphy by Edward Harris).
To indicate what kind of object type is represented by (for example) an type series item (a coin, banknote, token, ...).
representsObjectType
To indicate what kind of object type is represented by (for example) an type series item (a coin, banknote, token, ...).
Connects a reproduction of a numismatic object (to study it or to generate a surrogate – should not be used for contemporary imitations or forgeries) to its original.
reproductionOf
Connects a reproduction of a numismatic object (to study it or to generate a surrogate – should not be used for contemporary imitations or forgeries) to its original.
The contemporary legal status of a numismatic object: whether it was produced by an authority that had the relevant rights to do so, or is a contemporary or modern imitation.
Authenticity
The contemporary legal status of a numismatic object: whether it was produced by an authority that had the relevant rights to do so, or is a contemporary or modern imitation.
The archaeological context of a numismatic object.
Context
The archaeological context of a numismatic object.
A control mark is a letter, symbol or an inscription on a numismatic object intended to distinguish a group of coins within an issue or series.
Controlmark
A control mark is a letter, symbol or an inscription on a numismatic object intended to distinguish a group of coins within an issue or series.
Degradation to a numismatic object due to chemical reaction with its environment.
Corrosion
Degradation to a numismatic object due to chemical reaction with its environment.
A mark or symbol punched into a coin or similar object at some point during its time in circulation.
Countermark
A mark or symbol punched into a coin or similar object at some point during its time in circulation.
The circumstances under which an object or group of objects came to be deposited and part of the archaeological record, for example as a hoard, votive deposit or chance loss.
DepositionType
The circumstances under which an object or group of objects came to be deposited and part of the archaeological record, for example as a hoard, votive deposit or chance loss.
Wear on a die occurring as a result of its use.
DieWear
Wear on a die occurring as a result of its use.
The circumstances under which an object or group of objects came to be discovered, for example as a chance stray find or a controlled excavation.
DiscoveryType
The circumstances under which an object or group of objects came to be discovered, for example as a chance stray find or a controlled excavation.
A numismatic object or group of numismatic objects that was lost or deposited, whether intentionally or unintentionally, in previous times, and subsequently recovered. The recovery takes place independently of any intention of retrieval associated with the original deposition.
Find
A numismatic object or group of numismatic objects that was lost or deposited, whether intentionally or unintentionally, in previous times, and subsequently recovered. The recovery takes place independently of any intention of retrieval associated with the original deposition.
Within nomisma this is defined as a group of objects deposited together, of which at least one is a numismatic object.
Hoard
Within nomisma this is defined as a group of objects deposited together, of which at least one is a numismatic object.
A mint mark is a letter, symbol or an inscription on a numismatic object indicating the mint where the numismatic object was produced.
Mintmark
A mint mark is a letter, symbol or an inscription on a numismatic object indicating the mint where the numismatic object was produced.
A monogram is a symbol made by overlapping or combining of letters or other graphemes.
Monogram
A monogram is a symbol made by overlapping or combining of letters or other graphemes.
Objects considered to be within the numismatic domain such as coins, tokens, banknotes etc.
NumismaticObject
Objects considered to be within the numismatic domain such as coins, tokens, banknotes etc.
A term used within the field of numismatics to describe or to otherwise convey information specific to the numismatic discipline, or to numismatic objects.
NumismaticTerm
A term used within the field of numismatics to describe or to otherwise convey information specific to the numismatic discipline, or to numismatic objects.
A notable, characteristic or unusual physical feature of an individual numismatic object that marks it out from other examples of the same group, or of a group of numismatic objects that marks it out from other groups.
Peculiarity
A notable, characteristic or unusual physical feature of an individual numismatic object that marks it out from other examples of the same group, or of a group of numismatic objects that marks it out from other groups.
A notable, characteristic or unusual physical feature of an individual numismatic object which distinguishes it from other examples of the same group, or of a group of numismatic objects that marks it out from other groups, and which is related to the process of production of a numismatic object.
PeculiarityOfProduction
A notable, characteristic or unusual physical feature of an individual numismatic object which distinguishes it from other examples of the same group, or of a group of numismatic objects that marks it out from other groups, and which is related to the process of production of a numismatic object.
Anomalies or unusual features which arise subsequent to the actual production of a numismatic object; for example halving, chop-marking, etc.
SecondaryTreatment
Anomalies or unusual features which arise subsequent to the actual production of a numismatic object; for example halving, chop-marking, etc.
The possible shapes numismatic objects might have, could be standard like round or rectangular or even a polygon.
Shape
The possible shapes numismatic objects might have, could be standard like round or rectangular or even a polygon.
A stratigraphic unit is a volume of identifiable origin and relative age range that is defined by the distinctive and dominant, easily mapped and recognizable features that characterize it.
StratigraphicUnit
A stratigraphic unit is a volume of identifiable origin and relative age range that is defined by the distinctive and dominant, easily mapped and recognizable features that characterize it.
Wear on a coin or similar objects occurring as a result of its use.
CoinWear
Wear on a coin or similar objects occurring as a result of its use.
General term meaning the objects held by an institution or individual. Or the holding entity itself.
Collection
General term meaning the objects held by an institution or individual. Or the holding entity itself.
Term indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.
Denomination
Term indicating the value of a numismatic object. Examples: tetradrachm, chalkous, denarius.
Generally, a tribal or ethnic name appearing on a numismatic object. Distinct from personal authority as indicated by the presence of ruler's name.
Ethnic
Generally, a tribal or ethnic name appearing on a numismatic object. Distinct from personal authority as indicated by the presence of ruler's name.
Any widely recognized area of study within the discipline of numismatics.
FieldOfNumismatics
Any widely recognized area of study within the discipline of numismatics.
The technique of manufacture. For example, struck or cast.
Manufacture
The technique of manufacture. For example, struck or cast.
The physical material from which an object is made.
Material
The physical material from which an object is made.
Generic term for a place of manufacture of a numismatic object or for the issuing city.
Mint
Generic term for a place of manufacture of a numismatic object or for the issuing city.
The numismatic type of an object. Ex. 'coin'.
ObjectType
The numismatic type of an object. Ex. 'coin'.
A published work of reference relevant to a numismatic object.
ReferenceWork
A published work of reference relevant to a numismatic object.
An area of geographic significance and/or taxonomic importance, perhaps part of a larger geographic/administrative unit, having definable characteristics but not always fixed boundaries.
Region
An area of geographic significance and/or taxonomic importance, perhaps part of a larger geographic/administrative unit, having definable characteristics but not always fixed boundaries.
A published or recognized reference list of numismatic object types, such as a catalogue or corpus.
TypeSeries
A published or recognized reference list of numismatic object types, such as a catalogue or corpus.
An item within a reference list of numismatic object types.
TypeSeriesItem
An item within a reference list of numismatic object types.
Wear on a numismatic object occurring as a result of its use.
Wear
Wear on a numismatic object occurring as a result of its use.
The conventional weight system according to which a numismatic object was produced.
WeightStandard
The conventional weight system according to which a numismatic object was produced.